scipy.signal.windows.
general_cosine#
- scipy.signal.windows.general_cosine(M, a, sym=True)[原始碼]#
餘弦項加權總和通用窗
- 參數:
- Mint
輸出視窗中的點數
- aarray_like
權重係數序列。此慣例以原點為中心,因此這些通常都會是正數,而不是正負號交替。
- symbool,optional
當為 True(預設)時,產生用於濾波器設計的對稱視窗。當為 False 時,產生用於頻譜分析的週期性視窗。
- 返回:
- wndarray
視窗值的陣列。
參考文獻
[1]A. Nuttall, “Some windows with very good sidelobe behavior,” IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 84-91, Feb 1981. DOI:10.1109/TASSP.1981.1163506.
[2]Heinzel G. et al., “Spectrum and spectral density estimation by the Discrete Fourier transform (DFT), including a comprehensive list of window functions and some new flat-top windows”, February 15, 2002 https://holometer.fnal.gov/GH_FFT.pdf
範例
Heinzel 描述了一個名為 “HFT90D” 的平頂視窗,其公式為: [2]
\[w_j = 1 - 1.942604 \cos(z) + 1.340318 \cos(2z) - 0.440811 \cos(3z) + 0.043097 \cos(4z)\]其中
\[z = \frac{2 \pi j}{N}, j = 0...N - 1\]由於此慣例從原點開始,為了重現視窗,我們需要將每隔一個係數轉換為正數
>>> HFT90D = [1, 1.942604, 1.340318, 0.440811, 0.043097]
該論文指出最高旁瓣位準為 -90.2 dB。通過繪製視窗及其頻率響應來重現圖 42,並以紅色確認旁瓣位準
>>> import numpy as np >>> from scipy.signal.windows import general_cosine >>> from scipy.fft import fft, fftshift >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>> window = general_cosine(1000, HFT90D, sym=False) >>> plt.plot(window) >>> plt.title("HFT90D window") >>> plt.ylabel("Amplitude") >>> plt.xlabel("Sample")
>>> plt.figure() >>> A = fft(window, 10000) / (len(window)/2.0) >>> freq = np.linspace(-0.5, 0.5, len(A)) >>> response = np.abs(fftshift(A / abs(A).max())) >>> response = 20 * np.log10(np.maximum(response, 1e-10)) >>> plt.plot(freq, response) >>> plt.axis([-50/1000, 50/1000, -140, 0]) >>> plt.title("Frequency response of the HFT90D window") >>> plt.ylabel("Normalized magnitude [dB]") >>> plt.xlabel("Normalized frequency [cycles per sample]") >>> plt.axhline(-90.2, color='red') >>> plt.show()