scipy.signal.windows.

general_cosine#

scipy.signal.windows.general_cosine(M, a, sym=True)[原始碼]#

餘弦項加權總和通用窗

參數:
Mint

輸出視窗中的點數

aarray_like

權重係數序列。此慣例以原點為中心,因此這些通常都會是正數,而不是正負號交替。

symbool,optional

當為 True(預設)時,產生用於濾波器設計的對稱視窗。當為 False 時,產生用於頻譜分析的週期性視窗。

返回:
wndarray

視窗值的陣列。

參考文獻

[1]

A. Nuttall, “Some windows with very good sidelobe behavior,” IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 84-91, Feb 1981. DOI:10.1109/TASSP.1981.1163506.

[2]

Heinzel G. et al., “Spectrum and spectral density estimation by the Discrete Fourier transform (DFT), including a comprehensive list of window functions and some new flat-top windows”, February 15, 2002 https://holometer.fnal.gov/GH_FFT.pdf

範例

Heinzel 描述了一個名為 “HFT90D” 的平頂視窗,其公式為: [2]

\[w_j = 1 - 1.942604 \cos(z) + 1.340318 \cos(2z) - 0.440811 \cos(3z) + 0.043097 \cos(4z)\]

其中

\[z = \frac{2 \pi j}{N}, j = 0...N - 1\]

由於此慣例從原點開始,為了重現視窗,我們需要將每隔一個係數轉換為正數

>>> HFT90D = [1, 1.942604, 1.340318, 0.440811, 0.043097]

該論文指出最高旁瓣位準為 -90.2 dB。通過繪製視窗及其頻率響應來重現圖 42,並以紅色確認旁瓣位準

>>> import numpy as np
>>> from scipy.signal.windows import general_cosine
>>> from scipy.fft import fft, fftshift
>>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>> window = general_cosine(1000, HFT90D, sym=False)
>>> plt.plot(window)
>>> plt.title("HFT90D window")
>>> plt.ylabel("Amplitude")
>>> plt.xlabel("Sample")
>>> plt.figure()
>>> A = fft(window, 10000) / (len(window)/2.0)
>>> freq = np.linspace(-0.5, 0.5, len(A))
>>> response = np.abs(fftshift(A / abs(A).max()))
>>> response = 20 * np.log10(np.maximum(response, 1e-10))
>>> plt.plot(freq, response)
>>> plt.axis([-50/1000, 50/1000, -140, 0])
>>> plt.title("Frequency response of the HFT90D window")
>>> plt.ylabel("Normalized magnitude [dB]")
>>> plt.xlabel("Normalized frequency [cycles per sample]")
>>> plt.axhline(-90.2, color='red')
>>> plt.show()
../../_images/scipy-signal-windows-general_cosine-1_00.png
../../_images/scipy-signal-windows-general_cosine-1_01.png